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In order to solve the problem of lead removal from crude antimony in the traditional antimony refining process NaPO 3 was introduced as a lead elimination reagent to generate phosphate slag and the slag was removed by floating on the surface of liquid antimony The reaction mechanisms were clarified by thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis and X ray diffraction analysis
The current processes for producing high purity antimony include electrolytic refining chlorination distillation reduction straight pull purification and regional smelting [10] Among these processes the electrolytic refining method can produce 4 N antimony; however electrolysis conditions are harsh and the process produces the highly toxic gases AsH 3 and
Figure Generalized thermal refining process for lead Sinclair 2010 9 Figure Typical electrolytic process for refining lead Sinclair 2010 15 Figure Lead end use recorded from 1975 to 2005 in the United States Kelly et al
The experimental investigation and industrial practice in removing antimony arsenic and tin from the high antimony lead bullion based on the fundamental principle of basic refining of the lead bullion show that the removal efficiency of antimony arsenic and tin could drop with extension of the period of time and the direct recovery of lead is 80～90% the antimony slag ratio 10
This article describes the development of a new process in which lead bullion obtained from smelting concentrates is refined by leaching electrowinning In the last half century the challenge to treat and refine lead in order to minimize emissions of lead and lead compounds has intensified Within the primary lead industry the treatment aspect has transformed from the
The Razor Process is a unique pyrometallurgical lead refining process Benefits from the Razor process include lower energy costs; improved working environment; reduced recycling costs; increased refining productivity; reduced cycle time and labor requirements; and production of secondary recyclable products therefore yielding unique and
The sludge remaining after separation of the lead metal was treated in a two step leaching operation to solubilize the lead for recovery by electrowin ning Conditions for electrowinning were essentially the same as for electro refining except that insoluble Pb02 Ti lead dioxide coated titanium anodes were used
Crude lead bullion produced from different reduction processes typically contains copper tin arsenic antimony and silver besides other minor elements
The invention relates to a process for removing tin arsenic and antimony from molten lead by means of oxygen or oxygen containing gas mixtures which is or are blown into the molten lead by means of at least one gas nozzle 2 To avoid damage to the gas nozzle at least the oxygen outlet region 13 thereof located in the molten lead 6 is enveloped by an inert gas
DOI / Corpus ID 46758595; Removing antimony from waste lead storage batteries alloy by vacuum displacement reaction technology article{Liu2018RemovingAF title={Removing antimony from waste lead storage batteries alloy by vacuum displacement reaction technology } author={Tiantian Liu and Ke qiang Qiu}
antimony sulfide concentrates to obtain metallic antimony and antimony trioxide are discussed and methods of refining antimony from impurities are also analyzed Keywords antimony compounds minerals raw materials alloys Received 01 September 2022 Accepted 18 November 2022 Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 58 5 2023 988 998
Results of an investigation aimed at optimizing the fire refining process for purification and extraction of antimony into a high grade commercial metallic product are presented Various refining agents were used for refining from lead tin iron and arsenic As a result of research a method for fire refining of rough antimony was developed to obtain a high
the challenge to treat and refine lead in order to minimize emissions of lead and lead compounds has intensified Within the primary lead industry the treatment aspect has transformed from the sinter blast furnace model to direct smelting creating gains in hygiene environmental control and efficiency The refining aspect has remained
The most common contaminants are antimony cadmium arsenic silver copper and gold Single Stage Processing Thermal refining of soft and hard lead represent 90% of the world s lead refining capacity Removal of copper nickel arsenic antimony and tin from the bullion is achieved by temperature control and addition of various reagents
REMOVAL OF LEAD FROM CRUDE ANTIMONY BY USING NaPO 3 AS LEAD ELIMINATION REAGENT to % even less and it was widely used in antimony fire refining process But ammonia will pollute the
Antimony is of high importance for a wide range of products Its main applications are as a flame retardant in electrical and electronic equipment and textiles in alloys lead acid batteries wires and cables ceramics and glass Tercero Espinoza et al 2018 In addition there are some future technologies related to the energy transition in which antimony
In this work we explored the tech economic viability of electro refining for the antimony rich crude lead % Sb using fluorine free and green MSA as the solvent The influencing mechanism of MSA concentration additive content Pb ion concentration cathodic current density solution temperature on morphology control and energy
Lead tin and antimony are readily to form alloy in the process and the residual alkali can play a role in maintaining the fluidity of slag system [5] [19] [20] [21] However there are three main problems presented in the conventional method The lead refining slag used in this study was obtained from a pyrometallurgical smelter of
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